Conquer AI performance, cost, and scale with AWS AI chips (CMP209)

Here is a detailed summary of the video transcript in markdown format, broken down into sections:

Enabling AI Performance, Cost, and Scale with AWS AI Chips

Introduction

  • The speakers are from companies working on AI technology and infrastructure, including AWS, Anthropic, and Google DeepMind.
  • The goal is to enable customers to access high-performance AI technology in a secure, scalable, and cost-effective way.
  • The team at Anapa Labs has been building high-performance and cost-effective ML systems since 2016.

The Need for Larger and More Powerful Models

  • Model sizes have been growing exponentially over the past decade, as research shows that increasing model size leads to improved accuracy and performance.
  • This growth in model size requires more compute power and memory, which poses challenges for scaling the infrastructure.

Introducing Trainium 2

  • Trainium 2 is AWS's most advanced chip, providing 1.3 PetaFLOPs of dense compute and innovative features like 4x sparsity.
  • The Trainium 2 server offers 20.8 PetaFLOPs of compute, 46 TB/s of HBM bandwidth, and 1.5 TB of HBM memory, outperforming the latest GPU instances.
  • Benchmark results show Trainium 2 providing over 3x the throughput of other cloud provider solutions.

Scaling Rufus with Trainium and Inferentia

  • Rufus is a system that answers customer shopping questions using large language models trained on AWS.
  • Rufus has successfully handled millions of customer requests during peak events, leveraging Trainium and Inferentia chips for their high performance and cost-efficiency.
  • The team optimized Rufus' inference by using techniques like streaming, multi-prompt, and model quantization to improve latency and throughput.

The Ultra Server and Project Reiner

  • To address the need for even larger models (1 trillion+ parameters), AWS is introducing the "Ultra Server" - four Trainium 2 instances connected with high-speed Neuron Link bandwidth.
  • The Ultra Server provides over 80 PetaFLOPs of dense compute and 300 PetaFLOPs of sparse compute, enabling the development of models at an unprecedented scale.
  • AWS is collaborating with Anthropic on "Project Reiner", which will leverage hundreds of thousands of Trainium 2 chips to provide over 5 ExaFLOPS of compute.

The Neuron SDK

  • The Neuron SDK provides a comprehensive software stack to enable maximum performance and usability for Trainium and Inferentia.
  • It includes a compiler, runtime, framework integrations, and tooling like the Neuron Profiler and Neuron Expert.
  • The Neuron Distributed (NXD) libraries for PyTorch provide optimized training and inference capabilities for large-scale models.
  • Neuron Expert is a virtual solution architect that can quickly answer questions and provide references about using the Neuron SDK.

Nikki and Code Generation

  • Nikki is the Neuron Kernel Interface, which allows developers to build custom, high-performance compute kernels directly on the Trainium and Inferentia chips.
  • Nikki provides both a low-level ISA interface and a higher-level, Python-like language for writing optimized kernels.
  • Q Developer, powered by Anthropic's Closure model running on Trainium, can generate Nikki code for custom compute kernels in seconds.

Jax Integration

  • AWS has partnered with Google to integrate the Jax framework with Trainium and Inferentia, enabling portable and scalable code for a wide range of AI use cases.
  • Jax provides a composable functional API, along with support for just-in-time compilation and automatic parallelization across multiple accelerator devices.
  • The demo showcases how Jax can leverage the Trainium hardware, using techniques like batch data parallelism and model parallelism to scale performance.

Conclusion

  • The speakers thank the customers and partners who have contributed to the development of Trainium, Inferentia, and the overall ecosystem.
  • There are over 30 sessions at re:Invent 2022 covering Trainium and Inferentia, including hands-on workshops.

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